Regents of Moldavia

Moldavia was a principality, which evolved during the 13^th century and encompassed present day republic of Moldavia and the north-eastern part of Romania. It was a vassal state during almost its entire history, first to Hungary, then Poland and after 1513 to the Ottoman Empire. When the native dynasty died out the Ottomans began to appoint Greeks, so called fanariots, to rule Moldavia. The rulers used the title Vojvod, which has the same meaning as the title duke. From 1711 the rulers were called hospodar, which means master but can be translated to governor. At that time Moldavia’s autonomy was severely weakened, especially because the Ottoman sultan sold the post as Moldavia’s hospodar to the highest bidder and usually dismissed the hospodar after a short reign, whereby a new bidding occurred. To make their investment lucrative the newly appointed hospodars impoverished the people of Moldavia with high taxes. It was very common that a hospodar who had been dismissed would latern return to the office. The record holder is Constantin Mavrocordat who was hospodar over Moldavia four times and also held the same office in Wallachia six times. The fanaroits rule in Moldavia ended 1821 when the Greeks rebelled against the Ottoman Empire. Russia’s influence in Moldavia grew during the 18^th and 19^th century whereby Moldavia became more or less a Russian protectorate. Molodavia seized to exist as a separate state 1861 when it together with Wallachia created the new state of Romania.

1351-1353 1354-1358 1359 1359-1365 1365-1374 1374-1392 1392-1394 1394-1399 1399-1400 1400-1432 1432-1433 1433-1447 1435-1442 1444-1445 1447-1448 1447-1449 1448-1449 1449 1449-1451 1451-1452 1452-1454 1455-1457 1457-1504 1504-1517 1517-1527 1527-1538 1538-1540 1540-1541 1541-1546 1546-1551 1551-1552 1552 1552-1561 1561-1563 1563-1564 1564-1568 1568-1572 1572-1574 1574-1577 1577 1578-1579 1579-1582 1582-1591 1591-1592	Dragos Sas Balc Bogdan I Latcu Petru I Roman I Stefan I Iuga Ologul Alexandru cel bun (the Good) Ilias Stefan II Ilias (restored) Petru II Roman II Petru II (restored) Ciubar Alexandrel Bogdan II Petru Aron Alexandrel (restored) Petru Aron Stefan cel Mare (the Great) Bogdan III Stefanita Petru Rares Stefan Lacusta Alexandru Cornea Petru Rares (restored) Ilias Stefan Ioan Joldea Alexandru Lapusneanu Despot-Voda (Ioan Iacob Eraclid) Stefan Tomsa Alexandru Lapusneanu (restored) Bogdan Ioan Voda Petru Schiphol Ioan Potcova Petru Schiphol (restored) Iancu Sasul Petru Schiphol (re-restored) Aron Tiranul
1592	Alexandru cel Rau
1592	Petru Cazacul
1592-1595	Stefan Razvan
1595-1600	Ieremia Movila
1600	Mihai Viteazul (the Brave)
1600-1606 1606-1607 1607 1607-1611 1611-1615 1615-1616 1616-1619 1619-1620 1620-1621 1621-1623 1623-1626 1626-1629 1629-1630 1630-1631 1631-1633 1633 1633-1634 1634-1653 1653 1653 1653-1658 1658-1659 1659 1659-1661 1661 1661 1661-1665 1665-1666 1666-1668 1668-1672 1672-1673 1673 1673-1674 1674-1675 1675-1678 1678-1683 1683-1684 1684-1685 1685-1693 1693 1693-1695 1695-1700 1700-1703 1703-1705 1705-1707 1707-1709 1709-1710 1710-1711	Ieremia Movila (restored) Simion Movila Mihail Movila Constantin Movila Stefan II Tomsa Alexandru Movila Radu Mihnea Gaspar Gratiani Alexandru Ilias Stefan II Tomsa (restored) Radu Mihnea (restored) Miron Barnovschi-Movila Alexandru Coconul Moise Movila Alexandru Ilias (restored) Miron Barnovschi-Movila (restored) Moise Movila (restored) Vasile Lupu Gheorghe Stefan Vasile Lupu (restored) Gheorghe Stefan (restored) Gheorghe Ghica Constantin Serban Stefanita Lupu Constantin Serban (restored) Stefanita Lupu (restored) Eustratie Dabija Gheorghe Duca Ilias Alexandru Gheorghe Duca (restored) Stefan Petriceicu Dumitrascu Cantacuzino Stefan Petriceicu (restored) Dumitrascu Cantacuzino (restored) Antonie Ruset (restored) Gheorghe Duca (re-restored) Stefan Petriceicu (re-restored) Dumitrascu Cantacuzino (re-restored) Constantin Cantemir Dimitrie Cantemir Constantin Duca Antioh Cantemir Constantin Duca (restored) Mihai Racovita Antioh Cantemir (restored) Mihai Racovita (restored) Nicolaie Mavrocordat Dimitrie Cantemir
Hospodars of Moldavia
1711-1715 1715-1726 1726-1733 1733-1735 1735-1741 1741-1743 1743-1747 1747-1748 1748-1749 1749-1753 1753-1756 1756-1757 1757-1758 1758-1761 1761-1764 1764-1767 1767-1769 1769 1769-1774 1774-1777 1777-1782 1782-1785 1785-1786 1788-1789 1787-1788 1788-1789 1788-1789 1789-1791 1792 1792-1795 1795-1799 1799-1801 1801-1802 1802-1806 1806 1806-1807 1806-1812 1807 1812-1819 1819-1821 1821-1822 1822-1828 1828-1834 1834-1849 1849-1853 1853-1854 1854-1856 1856-1859 1859-1861	Nicolaie Mavrocordat (restored) Mihai Racovita (re-restored) Grigore II Ghica Constantin Mavrocordat Grigore II Ghica (restored) Constantin Mavrocordat (restored) Ioan Mavrocordat Grigore II Ghica (re-restored) Constantin Mavrocordat (re-restored) Constantin Racovita Matei Ghica Constantin Racovita (restored) Scarlat Ghica Ioan Tedor Callimachi Grigore Calimachi Grigore III Ghica Grigore Calimachi (restored) Constantin Mavrocordat (re-re-restored) Occupied by Russia Grigore III Ghica (restored) Constantin Moruzi Alexandru Mavrocordat Alexandru Mavrocordat (not same person) Alexandru Ipsilanti Occupied by Austria Manole Giani Ruset Occupied by Russia Occupied by Austria Alexandru Moruzi Mihai Sutu Alexandru Callimachi Constantin Ipsilanti Alexandru Sutu Alexandru Moruzi (restored) Scarlat Callimachi Alexandru Moruzi (re-restored) Occupied by Russia Alexandru Hangerli Scarlat Callimachi (restored) Mihai Sutu (restored) Occupied by the Ottoman Empire Ionita Sandu Sturza Occupied by Russia Mihai Sturza Grigore Alexandru Ghica Occupied by Russia Grigore Alexandru Ghica (restored) Interregnum
	Alexandru Ioan Cuza

The eastern half of Moldavia was conquered by Russia 1812 and became the Russian guberniya (province) of Moldavia and Bessarabia, later called just "Bessarabia". Most of this territory was incorporated with Romania after the First World War. But the east bank of the river Dniester was turned into the Moldavian ASSR (Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic) and became a part of the Soviet Union. The Romanian part of Bessarabia was annexed by the Soviet Union in 1940 and merged with the Moldavian ASSR, thus creating the Moldavian SSR (Soviet Socialist Republic). This republic became independent in 1991 when the Soviet Union dissolved.