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Örjan Martinsson

Regents of Wales

= Gwynedd
= Deheubarth
= Powys
= Brycheiniog
= Morgannwg
= Gwent

When England was conquered by the Anglo-Saxons the Celts were gradually pushed back to the west. The area that held out the longest was Wales, even though it was divided into several small principalities. The map above show the most important. The title of the Welsh rulers can either be translated to king or prince. One of them was often powerful enough to claim overlordship over the others as "king of the Britons" (i.e. the Welsh) and thus lead the resistance against the Englishmen. They could however not prevent England's gradual conquest of the country. It was the flatter areas in southeast Wales which were first subjugated by England while western Wales and the mountainous inner parts of Wales had more favourable geography to resist English advances. The last principality to be conquered by England was Gwynedd in the northwest, it perished 1283. This had usually been the most powerful Welsh state and several of its rulers had been "kings of the Britons". The second most important principality was Deheubarth in the southwest., but the territory of this state was greatly reduced in the 13th century and it became an insignificant client state to Gwynedd and was conquered with it by England 1283.
 

Gwynedd
 
Seisyllwg
 

c. 450-460
c. 470-480
c. 500-534
c. 520-547
c. 547-580
c. 580-599
c. 599-613
c. 613-625
c. 625-634
c. 634-655
c. 655-682
c. 682-720
c. 720-754
c. 754-798

Cunedda ap Edern
Einion ap Cunedda
Cadwallon ap Einion
Maelgwn ap Cadwallon
Rhun ap Maelgwn
Beli ap Rhun
Iago ap Beli
Cadfan ap Iago
Cadwallon ap Cadfan
Cadafael ap Cynfeddw
Cadwaladr ap Cadwallon
Idwal ap Cadwaladr
Rhodri ap Idwal
Caradog ap Meirion

7th century
-872
872-878
878-909
909-920
909- (950)
920
 

Seisyll
Gwgon
United with Gwynedd
Cadell ap Rhodri
Clydog ap Cadell
Hywel Dda (the Good)
All Seisyllwg unites with Dyfed and form the new kingdom of Deheubarth


Deheubarth
 

c. 798-816
814-825
825-844
844-878

Cynan ap Rhodri
Hywel ap Rhodri
Merfyn Frych (the Freckled)
Rhodri Mawr (the Great)

(905) -950
 950-953
950-954
950-986

Hywel Dda (same as above)
Rhodri ap Hywel
Edwin ap Hywel
Owain ap Hywel

878-916
916-942

Anarawd ap Rhodri
Idwal Foel (the Bald)

986-999
999-1005

Maredudd ab Owain
United with Gwynedd

942-950
950-969
950-979
974-985
985-986
986-999
999-1005
1005-1018
1018-1023
1023-1039
1039-1063
1063-1075
1075-1081
1081-1137
1137-1170
1170-1173
1170-1190
1170-1195

United with Deheubarth
Ieuaf ab Idwal
Iago ab Idwal
Hywel ab Ieuaf
Cadwallon ab Ieuaf
United with Deheubarth
Cynan ap Hywel
Aeddan ap Blegywryd
Llywelyn ap Seisyll
Iago ab Idwal ap Meurig
Gruffydd ap Llywelyn
Bleddyn ap Cynfyn
Trahaearn ap Caradog
Gruffydd ap Cynan
Owain Gwynedd ap Gruffydd
Maelgwn ab Owain Gwynedd
Rhodri ab Owain Gwynedd (west)
Dafydd ab Owain Gwynedd (east)

1005-1018
1005-1018
1018-1023
1023-1033
1033-1044
1044-1045
1045-1055
1055-1063
1063-1072
1072-1078
1078-1093
1093-1116
 1116-1137
1137-1143
1143-1153
1153-1155
1155-1197
1197-1201

Edwin ab Einion
Cadell ab Einion
United with Gwynedd
Rhydderch ab Iestyn (Morgannwg)
Hywel ab Edwin
United with Gwynedd
Gruffydd ab Rhydderch
United with Gwynedd
Maredudd ab Owain ab Edwin
Rhys ab Owain 
Rhys ap Tewdwr
Conquered by England
Gruffydd ap Rhys
Anarawd ap Gruffydd
Cadell ap Gruffydd
Maredudd ap Gruffydd
Rhys ap Gruffydd
Gruffydd ap Rhys II

1195-1240
1240-1246
1246-1255

Llywelyn Fawr (the Great)
Dafydd ap Llywelyn
Owain Goch ap Gruffydd

1199-1230
1216-1234
1234-1244

Maelgwn ap Rhys
Rhys Gryg
Rhys Mechyll

1246-1282
1282-1283

Llywelyn ap Gruffydd
Dafydd ap Gruffydd

1244-1271
1271-1283

Maredudd ap Rhys Grug
Rhys ap Maredudd

Wales was conquered by England 1283. Apart from a rebellion led by Owain Glyndŵr 1400-1415 Wales have thereafter always been united with England and the title "prince of Wales" have since then been reserved to the oldest son of the king of England.

English Heir Apparent with the Title
Prince of Wales

1301-1307
1343-1376
1376-1377
1399-1413
1453-1471
1470-1483
1483-1484
Edward of Caernarvon
Edward (the Black Prince)
Richard of Bordeaux
Henry of Monmouth
Edward of Westminster
Edward Plantagenet
Edward of Middleham
=1307-1327

= 1377-1399
= 1413-1422

= 1483
 
1486-1502
1502-1509
1537-1547
Arthur Tudor
Henry Tudor
Edward Tudor

= 1509-1547
= 1547-1553
1603-1612 Henry Frederick Stuart
1612-1625
1630-1649
Charles (I) Stuart
Charles (II) Stuart
= 1625-1649
= 1660-1685
1688-1689 James Francis Edward Stuart
1714-1727
1727-1751
1751-1760
1762-1820
George Augustus
Frederick Lewis
George (III)
George (IV)
= 1727-1760

= 1760-1820
= 1820-1830
1841-1901
1901-1910
1910-1936
1948-2022
2022-
Albert Edward (VII)
George (V)
Edward (VIII)
Charles (III)
William
= 1901-1910
= 1910-1936
= 1936
= 2022
 

= Welsh rulers who styled themselves "king of the Britons" and thus was the overlord of all other Welsh ruler. From the 12th century the title was replaced with "prince of Wales".
= king of England/Great Britain