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  _____________________

Örjan Martinsson

Popes

From 754 the pope was not just the head of the Roman-Catholic church but also ruler of the Papal state in central Europe. That state was first only a fief within the Holy Roman Empire even though the popes with a forged donation letter claimed to be independent from the emperor. After a long conflict between the popes and emperors the latter recognised the papal state's independence 1274.

Popes in red text were anti-popes, an anti-pope was a rivalling pope that was not widely recognised by the church. The flags show what nationality the popes had. The names in green text are the names the popes had before they were elected. Read also the first part of the list of popes (c. 64-752)

752-757 Stephanus II
757-767 Paulus I
767-768
768
Constantinus
Philippus
768-772 Stephanus III
772-795 Hadrianus I
795-816 Leo III
816-817 Stephanus IV
817-824 Paschalis I
824-827 Eugenius II
827 Valentinus
827-844 Gregorius IV
844 Ioannes
844-847 Sergius II
847-855 Leo IV
855-858 Benedictus III
855 Anastasius II Bibliothecarius
858-867 Nicolaus I
867-872 Hadrianus II
872-882 Ioannes VIII
882-884 Marinus I
884-885 Hadrianus III
885-891 Stephanus V
891-896 Formosus
896 Bonifacius VI
896-897 Stephanus VI
897 Romanus
897 Theodorus II
898-900 Ioannes IX
900-903 Benedictus IV
903 Leo V
903-904 Christophorus
904-911 Sergius III
911-913 Anastasius III
913-914 Lando
914-928 Ioannes X
928 Leo VI
928-931 Stephanus VII
931-936 Ioannes XI
936-939 Leo VII
939-942 Stephanus VIII
942-946 Marinus II
946-955 Agapitus II
955-964 Ioannes XII   Ottaviano Teofilatto di Spoleto
963-965 Leo VIII
964 Benedictus V
965-972 Ioannes XIII   Giovanni Crescenzio Teofilatto
973-974 Benedictus VI
974, 984-985 Bonifacius VII Francone
974-983
983-984
985-996
996-999
997-998
999-1003
Benedictus VII
Ioannes XIV
Ioannes XV
Gregorius V
Ioannes XVI

Silvester II
  (Tusculan house)
  Pietro Canepanova

  Bruno von Kärnten
  Ioannes Philagathus
  Gerbert of Aquitaine

1003
1003-1009
1009-1012
1012-1024
1012
1024-1032

Ioannes XVII
Ioannes XVIII
Sergius IV
Benedictus VIII
Gregorius VI
Ioannes XIX
  Siccone
  Giovanni Fasano
  Pietro, detto Boccadiporco
  Teofilatto I dei comte de Tuscolo

  Romano dei comte de Tuscolo

1032-1044, 1045, 1047-48

Benedictus IX   Teofilatto II dei comte de Tuscolo

1045
1045-1046
1046-1047
1048
1049-1054
1055-1057

Silvester III
Gregorius VI
Clemens II
Damasus II
Leo IX
Victor II
  Giovanni di Sabina
  Giovanni Graziano Pierleoni
  Graf Suidger von Morsleben-Hornbug
  Poppone
  Graf Bruno von Egisheim & Dagsburg
  Graf Gebhard von Dollstein-Hirschberg
1057-1058
1058-1059
1058-1061
1061-1073
1061-1064
1073-1085
1080-1100
Stephanus IX
Benedictus X
Nicolaus II
Alexander II
Honorius II
Gregorius VII
Clemens III
  Fredrik of Lorena
  Giovanni di Velletri, Count of Tuscolo
  Gerhard of Burgundy
  Anselmo di Badagio
  Cadalus di Parma
  Ildebrando di Soana (Hildebrand)
  Viberto di Ravenna
1086-1087
1088-1099
1099-1118
1101
1105-1111
1118-1119
1118-1121
1119-1124
Victor III
Urban II
Paschalis II
Adalbert
Silvester IV

Gelasius II
Gregorius VIII

Calixtus II
  Desiderio dei Duchi di Benevento
  Odo de Chatillon-sur-Marne
  Raniero di Bieda


  Giovanni di Gaeta
  Mauritius of Braga
  Guido of Burgundy

1124-1130
1124
1130-1143
1130-1138
1138
1143-1144
Honorius II
Celestinus II

Innocentius II
Anacletus II
Victor IV

Celestinus II
  Lamberto Scannabecchi
  Teobaldo Buccapeco
  Gregorio Papareschi
  Pietro Pierleoni
  Gregorius Conti
  Guido Castelli
1144-1145
1145-1153
1153-1154
1154-1159
1159-1181
1159-1164
1164-1168
1168-1178
1179-1180
Lucius II
Eugenius III
Anastasius IV
Hadrianus IV
Alexander III
Victor IV
Paschalis III
Calixtus III
Innocentius III

  Gherardo da Caccianemici
  Bernardo Pignatelli
  Corrado della Suburra
  Nicolaus Breakspear
  Rolando Bandinelli
Ottaviano de Monticelli
Guido of Crema

Lando Sitino

1181-1185
1185-1187
1187
1187-1191
1191-1198
1198-1216
Lucius III
Urban III
Gregorius VIII
Clemens III
Celestinus III
Innocentius III
  Ubaldo Allucingdi
  Uberto Crivelli
  Albertus of Mora
  Paolo Scolari
  Jacinto Bobo (Orsini)
  Lotario dé Conti, count of Segni
1216-1227
1227-1241
1241
1243-1254
1254-1261
1261-1264
Honorius III
Gregorius IX
Celestinus IV
Innocentius IV
Alexander IV
Urban IV
  Cencio Savelli
  Ugolino de Segni
  Goffredo Castiglioni
  Sinibaldo Fieschi
  Rainaldo
  Jacques Pamaléon
1265-1268
1271-1276
1276
1276
1276-1277
1277-1280
Clemens IV
Gregorius X
Innocentius V
Hadrianus V
Ioannes XXI
Nicolaus III
  Gui Foulques
  Tebaldo Visconti
  Petrus
  Ottobuono dé Fieschi
  Petrus Juliani
  Giovanni Gaetani Orsini

1281-1285
1285-1287
1288-1292
1294
1294-1303
1303-1304

Martinus IV
Honorius IV
Nicolaus IV
Celestinus V
Bonifacius VIII
Benedictus XI
  Simon de Brion
  Jacopo Savelli
  Geronimo Masci
  Pietro del Morrone
  Benedetto Caetani
  Nicolaus Bocasini

Popes in Avignon 1305-1371
 
1305-1314
1316-1334
1328-1330
1334-1342
1342-1352
1352-1362
1362-1370
Clemens V
Ioannes XXII
Nicolaus V
Benedictus XII
Clemens VI
Innocentius VI
Urban V
  Bertrand de Got
  Jacques Duése
  Pietro Rainalducci
  Jacques Fournier
  Pierre Roger de Beaufort
  Étienne Aubert
  Guillaume de Grimoard

Popes in Rom
 
1370-1378 Gregorius XI   Pierre Roger de Beaufort
1378-1389 Urban VI   Bartolomeo Prignano
1378-1394 Clemens VII (Avignon)   Count Robert of Geneva
1389-1404 Bonifacius IX   Pietro Tomacelli

1394-1417

Benedictus XIII (Avignon)   Petrus de Luna

1404-1406
1406-1415
1409-1410
1410-1415

Innocentius VII
Gregorius XII
Alexander V (Pisa)
Ioannes XXIII (Pisa)
  Cosimo de Migliorati
  Angelo de Corrario
  Pietro Filargi
  Balthasar Cossa

1417-1431
1423-1429
1425-?
1431-1447
1439-1449
1447-1455
1455-1458

Martinus V
Clemens VIII
Benedictus

Eugenius IV
Felix V
Nicolaus V
Calixtus III
  Oddone Colonna
  Egidius Munoz

  Gabriele Condulmaro
  Amadeus VIII of Savoy
  Tommaso Parantucelli
  Alfonso de Borgia

1458-1464
1464-1471
1471-1484
1484-1492
1492-1503
1503

Pius II
Paulus II
Sixtus IV
Innocentius VIII
Alexander VI
Pius III
  Enea Silvio dé Piccolomini
  Pietro Barbo
  Francesco della Rovere
  Giovanni Battista Cibo
  Rodrigo Lanzol (Borgia)
  Francesco Todeschini-Piccolomini
1503-1513
1513-1521
1522-1523
1523-1534
1534-1549
1550-1555
Julius II
Leo X
Hadrianus VI
Clemens VII
Paulus III
Julius III
  Giuliano della Rovere
  Giovanni dé Medici
  Adrian Florensz Dedal
  Giulio dé Medici
  Alessandro Farnese
  Giovanni Maria del Monte
1555
1555-1559
1559-1565
1566-1572
1572-1585
1585-1590
Marcellus II
Paulus IV
Pius IV
Pius V
Gregorius XIII
Sixtus V
  Marcello Cervini
  Giampietro Carafa
  Giovanni Angelo dé Medici
  Michele Ghislieri
  Ugo Buoneocompagni
  Felice Peretti
1590
1590-1591
1591
1592-1605
1605
1605-1621
Urban VII
Gregorius XIV
Innocentius IX
Clemens VIII
Leo XI
Paulus V
  Giambattista Castagna
  Niccolò Sfondrati
  Antonio Fachinetto
  Ippolito Aldobrandini
  Alessandro Ottaviano dé Medici
  Camillo Borghese
1621-1623
1623-1644
1644-1655
1655-1667
1667-1669
1670-1676
Gregorius XV
Urban VIII
Innocentius X
Alexander VII
Clemens IX
Clemens X
  Alessandro Ludovisi
  Maffeo Barberini
  Giambattista Pamfili
  Fabio Chigi
  Giulio Rospigliosi
  Emilio Altieri
1676-1689
1689-1691
1691-1700
1700-1721
1721-1724
1724-1730
Innocentius XI
Alexander VIII
Innocentius XII
Clemens XI
Innocentius XIII
Benedictus XIII
  Benadetto Odescalchi
  Pietro Ottoboni
  Antonio Pignatelli
  Giovanni Francesco Albani
  Michele Angelo Conti
  Vicenzo Maria Orsini
1730-1740
1740-1758
1758-1769
1769-1774
1775-1799
Clemens XII
Benedictus XIV
Clemens XIII
Clemens XIV
Pius VI
  Lorenzo Corsini
  Prospero Lambertini
  Carlo Rezzonico
  Giovanni Vincenzo Ganganelli
  Giovanni Angelo Braschi
1800-1823
1823-1829
1829-1830
1831-1846
1846-1878
Pius VII
Leo XII
Pius VIII
Gregorius XVI
Pius IX
  Barnabà Luigi Chiaramonte
  Annibale della Genga
  Francesco Xaver Castaglioni
  Bartolomeo Alberto Mauro Capellari
  Count Giovanni Maria Mastai-Ferretti

Popes "prisoners in the Vatican" 1870-1929, thereafter head of state of the Vatican State
 

1878-1903
1903-1914
1914-1922
1922-1939

Leo XIII
Pius X
Benedictus XV
Pius XI
  Vincenzo Giacchino Pecci
  Giuseppe Sarto
  Giacomo della Chiesa
  Achille Rato
1939-1958
1958-1963
1963-1978
1978
Pius XII
Ioannes XXIII
Paulus VI
Ioannes Paulus I
  Eugenio Pacelli
  Angelo Guiseppe Roncalli
  Giovanni Battista Montini
  Albino Luciani

1978-2005
2005-2013
2013-

Ioannes Paulus II
Benedictus XVI
Franciscus
 Karol Wojtyla
  Joseph Ratzinger
  Jorge Mario Bergoglio